Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a monomeric 17 kDa immunoregulatory cytokine that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of allergy, cancer, and tissue fibrosis. It is secreted by several helper T cell subsets, NK cells, mast cells, eosinophils, basophils, and visceral smooth muscle cells. IL-13 suppresses the production of proinflammatory cytokines and other cytotoxic substances by macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. On B cells, it promotes cellular activation, immunoglobulin class switching to IgE, and the up‑regulation of CD23/Fc epsilon RII.
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